Airway Obstruction in children is characterised by mouth breathing, snoring, tooth grinding, bedwetting, allergies or frequent ear or other ear/nose/throat infections. Breathing is primary and when obstruction is present, the body adapts muscle positions to create as much airway space as possible. If muscle positions are not normal, then bones grow abnormally.
**This blog post has been posted with permission from Dr. Derek Mahony.
Facial asymmetries and some TMJ dysfunctions (jaw joint problems) can also be attributed to orofacial muscle imbalances and deviate tongue postures due to airway interferences. The following is list of symptoms associated with airway obstruction in children:
85% of orofacial growth is accomplished by the age of twelve. Therefore, early identification of airway interferences, with diagnosis of the underlying cause, is essential to prevent orofacial growth abnormalities. If you, your dentist, dental hygienist or paediatrician observe any of the above symptoms and suspect possible airway obstruction in your child, evaluation by an ENT (ear, nose and throat) physician should be undertaken.
Did you know that the way your child breathes can affect the development of his or her jaws and facial structure influencing how the teeth fit together? Normal breathing should occur through the nose with the mouth closed. However, if the nasal passage is somehow obstructed, mouth breathing often results. Generally, nasal airway obstruction is caused by one or more of the following: (see figure 1)
All of the above causes the child to breath with his or her mouth open. This open mouth posture causes the facial muscles to generate unnatural constrictive forces on the underlying bony structures (See Figure 2A). Narrowing and elongation of the upper jaw often is the result of such forces (see Figure 2B). In addition, the jaws tend to grow
apart, often causing front open bites which affect the position of the tongue and other facial structures. 
Also, because the lower jaw is dropped for mouth breathing, it tends not only to grow apart from the upper jaw, but also becomes positioned further back than normal, causing an overbite (Figure 2C).
How the tongue rets in the mouth can also negatively affect facial growth. The tongue at rest should be high in the mouth which stimulates normal growth of the maxilla (upper jaw). Enlarged tonsils force the tongue in a downward and forward position which pushes on the lower jaw and the lower teeth (tongue trust). This in turn can contribute to prognathism (protruding of the lower jaw) by overstimulating jaw growth (Figure 3).
Please keep in mind that there are many other factors beside airway considerations that affect dental-facial development (ie. genetics, muscular tone, tooth and jaw sizes, allergies etc). There for addressing just these airway interferences will not always guarantee correction of dento-facial problems. However, if airway interferences are eliminated before facial growth is completed, a suitable environment will be establishes to promote a more normal development of the orofacial structures. This can eliminate or simplify the need for extensive orthodontic treatment. Also in cases where airway interferences have been eliminated, relapse of orthodontic treatment is greatly reduced. The results include not only a more stable dentition and bite, but also a more pleasing facial appearance for your child.
The following professional references have been provided for you and your medical practitioner if they would like to know more about the effects of airway obstruction upon facial growth.
It’s normal for children to snore when they are tired isn’t it? The answer to that is actually – NO! Too often we assume snoring to be the social norm for tired people (big and small) however research has shown that snoring may be more detrimental to our health then we know it. Whilst everyone knows what snoring is, it’s also important to know that heavy, audible breathing also falls under the same category as snoring and is just as bad!
Check out this video on Facebook by Today: https://www.facebook.com/iwakeupwithtoday/videos/1789804254387565/
Snoring, or heavy breathing whilst sleeping, is that deep annoying sound that one makes when their airway is blocked. Blocked airway? Yes! That’s right – snoring is due to you or your child not being to breathe properly when sleeping. The simple fact is that if you don’t breathe well when sleeping – you or your child may not be getting a proper night’s rest. We all know how important sleep is! It’s imperative for health and development and this is even more important in our children.
Children can suffer from numerous sleep conditions that severely affect their development. The problems caused by the sleep issues can manifest in permanent problems later on in adulthood that are very difficult/ impossible to correct. This is why problems are best diagnosed and treated when young.
We recommend booking in your children with us so that we can do a Dental & Airway assessment. From there, we may recommend a few options:
The first port of call is to consult a paediatric ENT specialist (ear, nose and throat specialist) or an Oral Myology clinic. ENT experts will check for obstructions in your child’s airway and ears whilst Oral Myology clinics will check your child’s breathing and muscles. Examination may include a scope (flexible camera through the nose), Imaging (e.g x-rays/CT scans), Physical examinations, and sleep studies.
Depending on what is wrong, treatment options include Surgery (best done when young so they recover well), muscle exercises, breathing exercises or medications such as Nasonex.
Even after treatment, the child usually has to relearn how to breathe properly through the nose. This is why it is better to treat early because a habit is easier to unlearn when you are younger.
Do your kids snore? Watch a short clip below to find out more on how snoring and the lack of good sleep can affect your child’s health!
If you are worried about the poor sleep/snoring or possibility that your child may have any of the issues outlined in the video – please feel free to contact us to discuss what we can do to help!
